- Grant
- Money given to support your work that you don’t pay back. Most grants come with a report on how you used it.
- Private foundation
- A charity funded by one family, person, or company that gives grants. Many list every grant in their yearly tax filing, which is how Little Rat Grants learns what they fund.
- Community foundation
- A foundation that serves one city, county, or region, pooling gifts from many local donors. A great first stop for local nonprofits.
- Corporate foundation
- A company’s charitable foundation. It often favors places where the company has offices or customers.
- Public charity (public foundation)
- A nonprofit funded by many donors or the public. Some give grants to other nonprofits; this is sometimes called regranting.
- Donor-advised fund
- A giving account held at a charity (like Schwab Charitable). The account holder picks the grants, so you can’t apply to these.
- Federal grant
- Money from a U.S. government agency. Open federal grants are listed on Grants.gov, usually with detailed rules and firm deadlines.
- Grant notice (NOFO)
- The official announcement for a government grant: who can apply, what it pays for, how much, and the deadline. NOFO means Notice of Funding Opportunity.
- Rolling deadline
- Applications are accepted anytime and reviewed as they come in.
- Letter of inquiry (LOI)
- A short letter, usually one to three pages, that introduces your project. If the funder likes it, they invite a full proposal.
- Invitation only
- The funder picks who to fund and doesn’t accept applications. Building a relationship is the way in.
- 501(c)(3)
- The IRS status that makes most charities tax-exempt, and lets donors deduct gifts. Most grants require it.
- Fiscal sponsor
- An established nonprofit that lets a newer group or project use its 501(c)(3) status to receive grants.
- EIN
- The Employer Identification Number: the ID the IRS gives every nonprofit and foundation. It’s the most reliable way to look one up.
- Form 990 and 990-PF
- The yearly tax returns nonprofits (990) and private foundations (990-PF) file with the IRS. They are public, and they list the grants a funder made.
- General operating support
- A grant you can use for any part of running your organization, including salaries and rent.
- Program or project support
- A grant for one specific program or project.
- Capacity building
- A grant to strengthen your organization itself, such as training, planning, technology, or fundraising.
- In-kind
- Goods or services donated instead of money, like free advertising or software.
- Match score
- Little Rat Grants’ 0–100 estimate of how well a grant or funder fits the details you entered. It’s a starting point for research, not a promise of funding.